Business research and consultancy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business research and consultancy - Essay Example The paper tells that exploration and consultancy are two unique ideas, which have various varieties between them. In any case, they share such a great amount for all intents and purpose and this is very fundamental towards one another. Experts require knowing the discoveries of research preceding suggesting any motivation strategy in managing the functional issues of the board. It is basic for experts to consider whether any investigates had been led towards the usage of such methods in conditions like the ones their customers are encountering. Business inquire about was in the past considered an information assortment administration concentrating on business sectors whereby customers mentioned specific information and the economic scientists gathered and gave to them. Where such information is presently open by the different market contenders, business have consistently been tested to concentrate on advertising as well as their rivals so as to analyze the market’s current cir cumstance and the issues existing in an increasingly point by point habits and recognize their shortcomings and qualities. Market is profoundly unique and this expects organizations to continually examine the commercial center to plan and match their organization qualities with the current market openings and devise strategies and techniques to accomplish their destinations. Statistical surveying additionally assumes a significant job in empowering organizations to ceaselessly look for dangers to their arrangements accomplishment. Business inquire about is likewise basic for checking progress of an organization’s methodology execution... Market is exceptionally unique and this expects organizations to continually break down the commercial center to plan and match their organization qualities with the current market openings and devise strategies and systems to accomplish their destinations. Statistical surveying additionally assumes a significant job in empowering organizations to consistently look for dangers to their arrangements accomplishment. Business inquire about is additionally basic for checking progress of an organization’s technique execution (Kent 1993, p. 2). Promoting examination and consultancy practice is worried about assortment, investigation, and translation of information on market, organization, and its general condition. Such data is applicable for issue conclusion, business arranging, and market techniques control. At the point when firms and business people face issues in their organizations identified with issues like decrease in deals, poor client connections and fulfillment, hardened rivalry or general decrease in item request, they approach business research and consultancy firms for warning. To recognize and address the issues, significant information is required to distinguish factors prompting the issues and explain the choice required to be made. Some examination may include item testing and others may include evaluating research particularly for new market contestants (Kent 1993, p. 4). This paper is an intelligent report wherein the essayist wants to give a far reaching experience of business research and consultancy. The exploration has utilized optional sort of research to investigate the obligation assortment programming arrangements utilized by different obligation assortment organizations, for example, Line Time, Win Collect, Proclaim Case Management, Crevice, Adtec, TDX Group, Actius, Capture, Silver Link, Latitude and Experian’s Tallyman. This is an impression of the

Thoreau Essay Research Paper The Power of free essay sample

Thoreau Essay, Research Paper The Power of Nature in Walking In Walking, Thoreau utilizes wild and profound notices to embody his ain thoughts regarding the genuine Nature. Through these recognitions, Thoreau looks at the degenerate city development to that of unadulterated nature. The forming explains nature as a topographic purpose of thought, where individuals s genuine sentiments rise. Last, Thoreau clarifies the Sacred situated in Nature through solid profound implications. Initially, Throeau utilizes wild and otherworldly creative mind to compare the city, human development, with the Nature that he professes to be unadulterated. In the introduction to the content, Thoreau portrays Nature as holding outright opportunity, and ferocity, as diverged from an opportunity and human progress just respectful ( 71 ) . Directly off, Thoreau clarifies that the general public of grown-up male contrasts from the general public in Nature. The Nature being portrayed lies untasted and pure by grown-up male not at all like the nature made by universes which stays manageable and economical ( 80 ) . Orchestrating to Thoreau, each clasp grown-up male bombshells Nature, its worth deteriorates. The idea of grown-up male made nature nauseates Thoreau so enormously that he would rather shack in the Dismal Swamp, so abide in the region of the most wonderful nursery that ever human craftsmanship created ( 99 ) . For a grown-up male to lean toward the stagnation of the bog than the excellence of a spring garden, really represents the hatred Thoreau has for unnatural Nature. As Thoreau walks through Nature, he assembles his thoughts and becomes submerged in the view. In the city, where individuals are driven by the powers of covetousness and desire, nil is existent, and one can non really act naturally. The desert that Thoreau alludes to is the sparing of the universe, ( 95 ) and Cities import it at any fiscal worth ( 95 ) . This embodiment of a wild power obviously epitomizes how grown-up male can lose oneself in Nature. Clearly Thoreau accepts that the city needs forsake, thus, doing i t a second rate topographic point to Nature. People groups who let the wild control them are by and large consistent with their desires throughout everyday life, since they let Nature take them on their legitimate way. Thoreau states how the trapper s coat discharges the olfactory property of muskrat, ( 96 ) which to him is a better fragrance than that which typically breathes out from the merchandiser s or the researcher s articles of clothing ( 96 ) . A merchandiser and bookman, regular city individuals, smelliness of the city human advancement where individuals control one another. In Nature, everybody proceeds onward their ain unattached to everything aside from the scene environing them. Orchestrating to Thoreau, at long last the regular state will smother over the made. He guarantees that the laminitiss of each territory which has ascended to distinction hold drawn their nutriment and vitality from a comparable wild start ( 95 ) . Nature doesn T pick individuals, individuals p ick Nature by including its bubbly characteristics. Thoreau needs everybody to encounter Nature s power. Beside embodying Nature as a departure from the city, Thoreau uses creative mind to epitomize Nature as a topographic purpose of thought. While submerged in Nature, grown-up male can accept on his ain without permitting corporate idea impact his judgments. Thoreau feels that there is something in the mountain-air that takes care of the soul and rouses ( 91 ) . In result, clime does in this way react on grown-up male, ( 91 ) so by plunging oneself in the regular region, one s genuine thoughts can be found out. While in Nature, one s thoughts will be more clear, fresher and ethereal ( 93 ) . Strolling along scene [ that ] is non claimed, [ the ] Walker appreciates relative opportunity ( 84 ) . The wild and obscure power the Walker to permit his thoughts be free, while in the public arena, issues of work and proprietorship load one s head. While strolling in Nature can be propping, individuals who neer go to the Holy Land in their strolls, are so unimportant loafers and drifters ( 71 ) . Thoreau portrays a carriage as individual who permits their head to go a bit of Nature and who looks to happen things in Nature. On the off chance that individual strolls simply to revive their natural structure and non their head, so they are viewed as Walkers, non buggies. A buggy lives to its fullest, and the most alive is the most out of control ( 97 ) . People groups who follow their ain path in life have the most accomplishment in Thoreau s eyes. They are the upbeat one s on the grounds that their mind has discovered Nature, and they become encircled by the regular stuff of life ( 97 ) . The individuals who put in the endeavor to distinguish reality in Nature will collect the advantages of its assets. Thoreau requests to be given a surrender whose glimpse no civilisation can process ( 96 ) . This kind of harsh nature can non be inspected by just any pioneer, yet by simply the individuals who decide to process its surrender. As Thoreau is as of now accustomed ( 96 ) to this condition, he trusts that others will follow his lead and adjust to his way of thought. Thoreau utilizes Nature as an apparatus for individuals to figure out things on their ain. Just after individual acknowledges their milieus can they genuinely look down the correct class of life. Now, Thoreau represents the request what concern have I in backwoods ( 79 ) ? Nature acknowledges everybody, non simply the individuals who comprehend it s qualification. People groups must investigate Nature to perceive what they can recognize for themselves. Thoreau endeavors to control individuals towards this way of thought. Simply as Thoreau coordinates individuals towards independence through Nature, he applies profound suggestions to Nature, so as to cast noticeable radiation on the Sacred in Nature. Thoreau shouts that come ining Nature requires an immediate allotment from Heaven ( 73 ) . Nature goes about as a door to felicity and opportunity of thought. In spite of the fact that anybody can stroll in nature, just the individuals who have paid their obligations, and made their will, and settled all their own businesss ( 73 ) can relic in Nature s extreme astuteness. Thoreau accepts each walk is a sort of crusade [ implied ] to travel away and reconquer this Holy Land from the guardianships of the rapscallions ( 72 ) . At the point when individuals drench themselves in Nature, they are turn uping non just the holy, however part of their ain soul which they may non hold even acknowledged is available. Nature makes grown-up male oppugn the contemplations of society and explain their ain. Indeed, even a n uncovered topographic point like a marsh can be seen as a holy topographic point a sanctum sanctorum ( 100 ) . Nature is the sacred topographic point, non the grown-up male made houses of prayer, however the earth. It is the sanctum of sanctums. A grown-up male can remain in Nature encompassed by Satans [ holding ] discovered his limits without a vulnerability ( 80 ) , with the Prince of Darkness as his assessor ( 80 ) . In any event, being overpowered by the insidious powers in Nature, grown-up male can perceive his expectation for strolling. One who endeavors to dither with Nature s grandness will pay in the terminal. People groups must populate in agreement with Nature, and look for non to destruct it. At the point when look intoing Nature, individuals must search for a way to partner to it. There is a reasonable tract through Nature that Thoreau accepts individuals should attempt to follow. The path of Hesperides, the Great Western Pioneer whom the states follow ( 88 ) , gives a contrasting of how Nature can take individuals to the noticeable radiation that Thoreau depicts. Nature will return individuals to the method of excellence and spiritualty. It is a consideration of God which individuals can substantially observe. The Sacred feature of Nature encourages individuals to connect with their actual emotions. At the point when enveloped with the spiritualty of Nature, individuals disregard the corporate beliefs of society and get down accepting for themselves. In choice, Thoreau utilizes Nature to learn individuals about independence. Thoreau believes, in any case, that non everybody will consider Nature to be he does. Individuals must volunteer to begrudge Nature and unrecorded agreeably with it. 316

Jamie Wright on Early Career Mgmt European MBAs

Our guest today is Jamie Wright. She grew up in California, started her career in PR in Chicago, and then crossed the pond in 2009 to become the Client Services Manager at London Business School’s then brand-new Masters in Management (MIM) program. Jamie rose to become the admissions director for all early career programs at LBS by 2017.   In 2018, she joined Accepted and has become an admissions consultant on our staff.  Let’s learn from her if there is a magic sauce to acceptance.document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/www.accepted.com/hubfs/Podcast_audio_files/Podcast/IV_with_Jamie_Wright_2018.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | Spotify Before we get to the early career stuff, how does a California girl end up as Client Services Manager and then the first Admissions Director of London Business School’s Early Career Programs? [2:11] By chance, actually. When I initially moved to London I wasn’t able to work due to visa restrictions so I had time to explore other career options. I had been working in PR before moving to London, and considered staying in that field, but I used that opportunity of time to explore other roles in publishing, sports business, and came across an ad for a client services role for the MIM at LBS. The program had just launched and was recruiting for its first class. I figured this was a great opportunity to be part of something from the beginning. It was quite entrepreneurial, almost like a start-up even though the program was part of a large school like LBS. It was the first pre-experience program and it was exciting to be a part of. I stayed there for the next nine years. What are early career programs in management in general? [3:20] They are general management programs for the most part, though there are some programs that offer specializations. These programs are designed for those just entering their career, with less than 1-2 years of experience looking to go into entry-level positions. In addition to traditional consulting and finance roles, more students are going into entrepreneurship, which is a specialization some programs offer. How do the masters in management programs differ from the MBA in terms of structure, content, length, goals and placement? [4:30] In terms of similarities they are both general management programs. An MBA is really for those looking to accelerate or develop their careers, whereas a Masters in Management is for those looking to gain the knowledge and skills to break into a business career. MBA students have on average 5-8 years of work experience and learn a lot from peer practical experience, whereas MIM students might have some internship experience but are really learning more from the classroom environment. MIMs are applying for entry level positions, and MBAs are looking for more senior positions. From a content perspective, from the outside an MBA looks more practical than a MIM – there are more theory-based MIMs, though there is definitely no shortage of early-career programs offering practical and applied learning as well, with internships and study abroad opportunities. MIMs can be one or two years long, depending on the program. Do you have any idea how many MiM graduates go back and ultimately get an MBA or for most is it a terminal degree? [6:44] I’d say a MIM is definitely not a terminal degree, just as pursuing business at an undergrad level is not. If you are an early career candidate, it’s difficult to say if you’ll need an MBA further down the line. You might need it at your company to advance, or to switch careers. If you are an early career candidate in the job you want, and can see yourself growing in that role or company over the next several years, think about the value you get from an early career degree as opposed to waiting for an MBA. If you feel you are lacking the knowledge to break into business, early career programs are very beneficial. Are most MIM students coming from non-business undergrad backgrounds? [8:22] It depends on the program. There are some that require students come from non-traditional backgrounds, whereas others look for some business curriculum – like poets and quants, as it were. It totally depends on the program. Any applicant should take a very close look at the student profiles at the programs you are considering. Make sure you are a good fit and will be learning alongside people you will benefit most from. MBA programs tend to look for individuals who have fairly well-defined career goals. Is that true in the MIM level also? [9:22] From a career perspective you do want to go into the program with some type of focus. The programs go by quickly and you need to have some sense of what you want to do to take advantage of all the resources. In London, finance and consulting recruiting starts early on- applications open in August, so you might not even have started the program yet. You need to be focused but flexible- have a Plan A, Plan B, and Plan C. Let’s change the focus a bit. How do European MBA programs as a group differ from U.S. MBA programs, and I realize we’re talking in generalities, but I’d like an overview? [10:59] European MBA programs tend to be a little bit shorter (12-18 months), as opposed to the more traditional two year format in the US. Obviously that makes a difference in price tag and living costs, but one is not better or worse, or right or wrong – it’s just what is best for you. In terms of work experience you see slightly more experienced students in European MBA programs, so a wider range of experience in your peer group. As I mentioned, make sure you are in a classroom learning from the types of individuals you feel you need to learn from, as you will learn just as much from students as faculty. In terms of class composition, European business schools have a more international cohort, with students looking to work in more broad-based locations. What if I’d really love to spend a year or two in Europe either at an early-career program, a traditional full-time MBA, or even an EMBA or LBS’s Sloan Fellows program. But, I know I want to work in my home country. Will it be hard for me to come home and find a job? [13:23] It depends on the amount of work you are willing to put into you career search. It’s important to think about your network. Most students look to grow their networks, so if you want to strengthen your network in Europe, look at European programs. The network at the school can also ultimately help you return home. Looking at the distribution of the alumni network and post-grad employment destinations is helpful. In terms of conducting due diligence before you leave and study abroad, work on strengthening your network at home. Build and maintain relationships so that when it’s time to return home you haven’t been forgotten. Similarly, is it worth it if I want to live and work in my home country to have an international experience for my MiM or MBA? [15:54] Having international experience is not a prerequisite. What is most important is that you demonstrate you have the interest in international experience and why you have that interest. That should be highlighted in your application and essays how this international experience fits into your professional and personal journey. You’ve convinced me! I’m applying to an MBA or MiM program, but plane flights from my continent to Europe or whatever continent I want to study on make school visits very expensive – and time consuming. How can I learn about programs and engage with the school if thousands of miles or kilometers separate us?   Or do I just have to bite the bullet and fly? [18:25] If you have the opportunity to visit campuses, I certainly encourage you to do so. You will be spending a lot of money on a program so you want to make sure it is a place you feel comfortable. That said, there are plenty of ways to get the experience of what it is like without having to buy a plane ticket. Attend MBA or Masters fairs that may come locally to you, where you can meet with admin reps, alums, or students on exchange in your home country. There are webinars, virtual campus tours, and I always recommend talking with student ambassadors or alumni, though be mindful of the communication. You don’t want to bombard people, and you need to personalize the communications. When you were reviewing applications for London’s EC programs, what was the one (or two) things that you wished they really understood about the admissions process or the program that most just didn’t get? [20:31] I was always disappointed with applicants who looked great with experience and goals but didn’t put any effort into the application. We understand people are applying to multiple schools, but we want to see genuine interest, and submitting generic short answers, or essays with the wrong school in them, or no school-specific content is really disappointing. On the flip side it is equally important to be mindful of the admissions team’s time, so writing pages and pages on an essay with no word limit demonstrates a lack of awareness. It’s all about finding balance – demonstrating your sincere interest in a program and presenting it in a concise way. What advice do you have for applicants in the midst of applying to early career management programs or to European MBA programs? [22:21] It’s not too late to do the due diligence we spoke about earlier – reach out to admissions teams, students, or alums. For anyone looking to apply for the August 2018 intake look at scholarship deadlines since you might see deadlines passing. For international students who might need a visa, look at the visa timeline as well, since you want to have idea of what to expect if accepted. What about those planning ahead for a 2018-19, 2019-20, or later application? [23:35] Definitely use time to your advantage. Take time to prepare for the GMAT or GRE – make a study plan. Do in-depth research on the programs visit campus or check when the fairs come around. Have a look at the current application form and essays so you have some idea of what it will be like. Some schools change questions slightly year to year, but you will get a feel for the type of individual and values they want to see. Application deadlines also vary slightly year to year along with the calendar change, so build a timeline and work backwards. Related Links: †¢ About Jamie Wright †¢ Contact Jamie Wright †¢ MiM Application Packages †¢ MBA Admissions Consulting Services   Related Shows: †¢ Jamies Podcast from Last November †¢ MIT Sloan Master in Finance: How to Get In! †¢ UCLA’s MS in Business Analytics: Prep for the Sexiest Job of the 21st Century †¢ Contemplating a Career in Data Science/Business Analytics? Subscribe: Jamie Wright on Early Career Mgmt European MBAs Our guest today is Jamie Wright. She grew up in California, started her career in PR in Chicago, and then crossed the pond in 2009 to become the Client Services Manager at London Business School’s then brand-new Masters in Management (MIM) program. Jamie rose to become the admissions director for all early career programs at LBS by 2017.   In 2018, she joined Accepted and has become an admissions consultant on our staff.  Let’s learn from her if there is a magic sauce to acceptance.document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/www.accepted.com/hubfs/Podcast_audio_files/Podcast/IV_with_Jamie_Wright_2018.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | Spotify Before we get to the early career stuff, how does a California girl end up as Client Services Manager and then the first Admissions Director of London Business School’s Early Career Programs? [2:11] By chance, actually. When I initially moved to London I wasn’t able to work due to visa restrictions so I had time to explore other career options. I had been working in PR before moving to London, and considered staying in that field, but I used that opportunity of time to explore other roles in publishing, sports business, and came across an ad for a client services role for the MIM at LBS. The program had just launched and was recruiting for its first class. I figured this was a great opportunity to be part of something from the beginning. It was quite entrepreneurial, almost like a start-up even though the program was part of a large school like LBS. It was the first pre-experience program and it was exciting to be a part of. I stayed there for the next nine years. What are early career programs in management in general? [3:20] They are general management programs for the most part, though there are some programs that offer specializations. These programs are designed for those just entering their career, with less than 1-2 years of experience looking to go into entry-level positions. In addition to traditional consulting and finance roles, more students are going into entrepreneurship, which is a specialization some programs offer. How do the masters in management programs differ from the MBA in terms of structure, content, length, goals and placement? [4:30] In terms of similarities they are both general management programs. An MBA is really for those looking to accelerate or develop their careers, whereas a Masters in Management is for those looking to gain the knowledge and skills to break into a business career. MBA students have on average 5-8 years of work experience and learn a lot from peer practical experience, whereas MIM students might have some internship experience but are really learning more from the classroom environment. MIMs are applying for entry level positions, and MBAs are looking for more senior positions. From a content perspective, from the outside an MBA looks more practical than a MIM – there are more theory-based MIMs, though there is definitely no shortage of early-career programs offering practical and applied learning as well, with internships and study abroad opportunities. MIMs can be one or two years long, depending on the program. Do you have any idea how many MiM graduates go back and ultimately get an MBA or for most is it a terminal degree? [6:44] I’d say a MIM is definitely not a terminal degree, just as pursuing business at an undergrad level is not. If you are an early career candidate, it’s difficult to say if you’ll need an MBA further down the line. You might need it at your company to advance, or to switch careers. If you are an early career candidate in the job you want, and can see yourself growing in that role or company over the next several years, think about the value you get from an early career degree as opposed to waiting for an MBA. If you feel you are lacking the knowledge to break into business, early career programs are very beneficial. Are most MIM students coming from non-business undergrad backgrounds? [8:22] It depends on the program. There are some that require students come from non-traditional backgrounds, whereas others look for some business curriculum – like poets and quants, as it were. It totally depends on the program. Any applicant should take a very close look at the student profiles at the programs you are considering. Make sure you are a good fit and will be learning alongside people you will benefit most from. MBA programs tend to look for individuals who have fairly well-defined career goals. Is that true in the MIM level also? [9:22] From a career perspective you do want to go into the program with some type of focus. The programs go by quickly and you need to have some sense of what you want to do to take advantage of all the resources. In London, finance and consulting recruiting starts early on- applications open in August, so you might not even have started the program yet. You need to be focused but flexible- have a Plan A, Plan B, and Plan C. Let’s change the focus a bit. How do European MBA programs as a group differ from U.S. MBA programs, and I realize we’re talking in generalities, but I’d like an overview? [10:59] European MBA programs tend to be a little bit shorter (12-18 months), as opposed to the more traditional two year format in the US. Obviously that makes a difference in price tag and living costs, but one is not better or worse, or right or wrong – it’s just what is best for you. In terms of work experience you see slightly more experienced students in European MBA programs, so a wider range of experience in your peer group. As I mentioned, make sure you are in a classroom learning from the types of individuals you feel you need to learn from, as you will learn just as much from students as faculty. In terms of class composition, European business schools have a more international cohort, with students looking to work in more broad-based locations. What if I’d really love to spend a year or two in Europe either at an early-career program, a traditional full-time MBA, or even an EMBA or LBS’s Sloan Fellows program. But, I know I want to work in my home country. Will it be hard for me to come home and find a job? [13:23] It depends on the amount of work you are willing to put into you career search. It’s important to think about your network. Most students look to grow their networks, so if you want to strengthen your network in Europe, look at European programs. The network at the school can also ultimately help you return home. Looking at the distribution of the alumni network and post-grad employment destinations is helpful. In terms of conducting due diligence before you leave and study abroad, work on strengthening your network at home. Build and maintain relationships so that when it’s time to return home you haven’t been forgotten. Similarly, is it worth it if I want to live and work in my home country to have an international experience for my MiM or MBA? [15:54] Having international experience is not a prerequisite. What is most important is that you demonstrate you have the interest in international experience and why you have that interest. That should be highlighted in your application and essays how this international experience fits into your professional and personal journey. You’ve convinced me! I’m applying to an MBA or MiM program, but plane flights from my continent to Europe or whatever continent I want to study on make school visits very expensive – and time consuming. How can I learn about programs and engage with the school if thousands of miles or kilometers separate us?   Or do I just have to bite the bullet and fly? [18:25] If you have the opportunity to visit campuses, I certainly encourage you to do so. You will be spending a lot of money on a program so you want to make sure it is a place you feel comfortable. That said, there are plenty of ways to get the experience of what it is like without having to buy a plane ticket. Attend MBA or Masters fairs that may come locally to you, where you can meet with admin reps, alums, or students on exchange in your home country. There are webinars, virtual campus tours, and I always recommend talking with student ambassadors or alumni, though be mindful of the communication. You don’t want to bombard people, and you need to personalize the communications. When you were reviewing applications for London’s EC programs, what was the one (or two) things that you wished they really understood about the admissions process or the program that most just didn’t get? [20:31] I was always disappointed with applicants who looked great with experience and goals but didn’t put any effort into the application. We understand people are applying to multiple schools, but we want to see genuine interest, and submitting generic short answers, or essays with the wrong school in them, or no school-specific content is really disappointing. On the flip side it is equally important to be mindful of the admissions team’s time, so writing pages and pages on an essay with no word limit demonstrates a lack of awareness. It’s all about finding balance – demonstrating your sincere interest in a program and presenting it in a concise way. What advice do you have for applicants in the midst of applying to early career management programs or to European MBA programs? [22:21] It’s not too late to do the due diligence we spoke about earlier – reach out to admissions teams, students, or alums. For anyone looking to apply for the August 2018 intake look at scholarship deadlines since you might see deadlines passing. For international students who might need a visa, look at the visa timeline as well, since you want to have idea of what to expect if accepted. What about those planning ahead for a 2018-19, 2019-20, or later application? [23:35] Definitely use time to your advantage. Take time to prepare for the GMAT or GRE – make a study plan. Do in-depth research on the programs visit campus or check when the fairs come around. Have a look at the current application form and essays so you have some idea of what it will be like. Some schools change questions slightly year to year, but you will get a feel for the type of individual and values they want to see. Application deadlines also vary slightly year to year along with the calendar change, so build a timeline and work backwards. Related Links: †¢ About Jamie Wright †¢ Contact Jamie Wright †¢ MiM Application Packages †¢ MBA Admissions Consulting Services   Related Shows: †¢ Jamies Podcast from Last November †¢ MIT Sloan Master in Finance: How to Get In! †¢ UCLA’s MS in Business Analytics: Prep for the Sexiest Job of the 21st Century †¢ Contemplating a Career in Data Science/Business Analytics? Subscribe: Jamie Wright on Early Career Mgmt European MBAs Our guest today is Jamie Wright. She grew up in California, started her career in PR in Chicago, and then crossed the pond in 2009 to become the Client Services Manager at London Business School’s then brand-new Masters in Management (MIM) program. Jamie rose to become the admissions director for all early career programs at LBS by 2017.   In 2018, she joined Accepted and has become an admissions consultant on our staff.  Let’s learn from her if there is a magic sauce to acceptance.document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/www.accepted.com/hubfs/Podcast_audio_files/Podcast/IV_with_Jamie_Wright_2018.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | Spotify Before we get to the early career stuff, how does a California girl end up as Client Services Manager and then the first Admissions Director of London Business School’s Early Career Programs? [2:11] By chance, actually. When I initially moved to London I wasn’t able to work due to visa restrictions so I had time to explore other career options. I had been working in PR before moving to London, and considered staying in that field, but I used that opportunity of time to explore other roles in publishing, sports business, and came across an ad for a client services role for the MIM at LBS. The program had just launched and was recruiting for its first class. I figured this was a great opportunity to be part of something from the beginning. It was quite entrepreneurial, almost like a start-up even though the program was part of a large school like LBS. It was the first pre-experience program and it was exciting to be a part of. I stayed there for the next nine years. What are early career programs in management in general? [3:20] They are general management programs for the most part, though there are some programs that offer specializations. These programs are designed for those just entering their career, with less than 1-2 years of experience looking to go into entry-level positions. In addition to traditional consulting and finance roles, more students are going into entrepreneurship, which is a specialization some programs offer. How do the masters in management programs differ from the MBA in terms of structure, content, length, goals and placement? [4:30] In terms of similarities they are both general management programs. An MBA is really for those looking to accelerate or develop their careers, whereas a Masters in Management is for those looking to gain the knowledge and skills to break into a business career. MBA students have on average 5-8 years of work experience and learn a lot from peer practical experience, whereas MIM students might have some internship experience but are really learning more from the classroom environment. MIMs are applying for entry level positions, and MBAs are looking for more senior positions. From a content perspective, from the outside an MBA looks more practical than a MIM – there are more theory-based MIMs, though there is definitely no shortage of early-career programs offering practical and applied learning as well, with internships and study abroad opportunities. MIMs can be one or two years long, depending on the program. Do you have any idea how many MiM graduates go back and ultimately get an MBA or for most is it a terminal degree? [6:44] I’d say a MIM is definitely not a terminal degree, just as pursuing business at an undergrad level is not. If you are an early career candidate, it’s difficult to say if you’ll need an MBA further down the line. You might need it at your company to advance, or to switch careers. If you are an early career candidate in the job you want, and can see yourself growing in that role or company over the next several years, think about the value you get from an early career degree as opposed to waiting for an MBA. If you feel you are lacking the knowledge to break into business, early career programs are very beneficial. Are most MIM students coming from non-business undergrad backgrounds? [8:22] It depends on the program. There are some that require students come from non-traditional backgrounds, whereas others look for some business curriculum – like poets and quants, as it were. It totally depends on the program. Any applicant should take a very close look at the student profiles at the programs you are considering. Make sure you are a good fit and will be learning alongside people you will benefit most from. MBA programs tend to look for individuals who have fairly well-defined career goals. Is that true in the MIM level also? [9:22] From a career perspective you do want to go into the program with some type of focus. The programs go by quickly and you need to have some sense of what you want to do to take advantage of all the resources. In London, finance and consulting recruiting starts early on- applications open in August, so you might not even have started the program yet. You need to be focused but flexible- have a Plan A, Plan B, and Plan C. Let’s change the focus a bit. How do European MBA programs as a group differ from U.S. MBA programs, and I realize we’re talking in generalities, but I’d like an overview? [10:59] European MBA programs tend to be a little bit shorter (12-18 months), as opposed to the more traditional two year format in the US. Obviously that makes a difference in price tag and living costs, but one is not better or worse, or right or wrong – it’s just what is best for you. In terms of work experience you see slightly more experienced students in European MBA programs, so a wider range of experience in your peer group. As I mentioned, make sure you are in a classroom learning from the types of individuals you feel you need to learn from, as you will learn just as much from students as faculty. In terms of class composition, European business schools have a more international cohort, with students looking to work in more broad-based locations. What if I’d really love to spend a year or two in Europe either at an early-career program, a traditional full-time MBA, or even an EMBA or LBS’s Sloan Fellows program. But, I know I want to work in my home country. Will it be hard for me to come home and find a job? [13:23] It depends on the amount of work you are willing to put into you career search. It’s important to think about your network. Most students look to grow their networks, so if you want to strengthen your network in Europe, look at European programs. The network at the school can also ultimately help you return home. Looking at the distribution of the alumni network and post-grad employment destinations is helpful. In terms of conducting due diligence before you leave and study abroad, work on strengthening your network at home. Build and maintain relationships so that when it’s time to return home you haven’t been forgotten. Similarly, is it worth it if I want to live and work in my home country to have an international experience for my MiM or MBA? [15:54] Having international experience is not a prerequisite. What is most important is that you demonstrate you have the interest in international experience and why you have that interest. That should be highlighted in your application and essays how this international experience fits into your professional and personal journey. You’ve convinced me! I’m applying to an MBA or MiM program, but plane flights from my continent to Europe or whatever continent I want to study on make school visits very expensive – and time consuming. How can I learn about programs and engage with the school if thousands of miles or kilometers separate us?   Or do I just have to bite the bullet and fly? [18:25] If you have the opportunity to visit campuses, I certainly encourage you to do so. You will be spending a lot of money on a program so you want to make sure it is a place you feel comfortable. That said, there are plenty of ways to get the experience of what it is like without having to buy a plane ticket. Attend MBA or Masters fairs that may come locally to you, where you can meet with admin reps, alums, or students on exchange in your home country. There are webinars, virtual campus tours, and I always recommend talking with student ambassadors or alumni, though be mindful of the communication. You don’t want to bombard people, and you need to personalize the communications. When you were reviewing applications for London’s EC programs, what was the one (or two) things that you wished they really understood about the admissions process or the program that most just didn’t get? [20:31] I was always disappointed with applicants who looked great with experience and goals but didn’t put any effort into the application. We understand people are applying to multiple schools, but we want to see genuine interest, and submitting generic short answers, or essays with the wrong school in them, or no school-specific content is really disappointing. On the flip side it is equally important to be mindful of the admissions team’s time, so writing pages and pages on an essay with no word limit demonstrates a lack of awareness. It’s all about finding balance – demonstrating your sincere interest in a program and presenting it in a concise way. What advice do you have for applicants in the midst of applying to early career management programs or to European MBA programs? [22:21] It’s not too late to do the due diligence we spoke about earlier – reach out to admissions teams, students, or alums. For anyone looking to apply for the August 2018 intake look at scholarship deadlines since you might see deadlines passing. For international students who might need a visa, look at the visa timeline as well, since you want to have idea of what to expect if accepted. What about those planning ahead for a 2018-19, 2019-20, or later application? [23:35] Definitely use time to your advantage. Take time to prepare for the GMAT or GRE – make a study plan. Do in-depth research on the programs visit campus or check when the fairs come around. Have a look at the current application form and essays so you have some idea of what it will be like. Some schools change questions slightly year to year, but you will get a feel for the type of individual and values they want to see. Application deadlines also vary slightly year to year along with the calendar change, so build a timeline and work backwards. Related Links: †¢ About Jamie Wright †¢ Contact Jamie Wright †¢ MiM Application Packages †¢ MBA Admissions Consulting Services   Related Shows: †¢ Jamies Podcast from Last November †¢ MIT Sloan Master in Finance: How to Get In! †¢ UCLA’s MS in Business Analytics: Prep for the Sexiest Job of the 21st Century †¢ Contemplating a Career in Data Science/Business Analytics? Subscribe:

LAs Getty Center by Architect Richard Meier

The Getty Center is more than a museum. It is a campus that encompasses research libraries, museum conservation programs, administration offices, and grant institutions as well as an art museum open to the public. As architecture, wrote critic  Nicolai Ouroussoff, its scale and ambition may seem overwhelming, but Richard Meier, the Gettys architect, handled a daunting task admirably. This is the story of an architects project. The Client By the time he was 23, Jean Paul Getty (1892-1976) had made his first million dollars in the oil industry. Throughout his life, he reinvested in oil fields across the globe and also spent much of his Getty Oil wealth on fine art. J. Paul Getty always called California his home, even though he spent his later years in the UK. In 1954 he transformed his Malibu ranch into an art museum for the public. And then, in 1974, he expanded the Getty Museum with a newly built Roman villa on the same property. During his lifetime, Getty was fiscally frugal. Yet after his death, hundreds of millions of dollars were entrusted to properly run a Getty Center. After the estate was settled in 1982, the  J. Paul Getty Trust purchased a hilltop in Southern California. In 1983, 33 invited architects were whittled down to 7, then to 3. By the fall of 1984, architect Richard Meier had been chosen for the massive project on the hill. The Project Location: Just off the San Diego Freeway in the Santa Monica Mountains, overlooking Los Angeles, California and the Pacific Ocean.Size: 110 acresTimeline: 1984-1997 (Inaugurated on December 16, 1997)Architects: Richard Meier, lead architectThierry Despont, museum interiorsLaurie Olin, landscape architect Design Highlights Because of height restrictions, half of the Getty Center is below ground — three stories up and three stories down. The Getty Center is organized around a central arrival plaza. Architect Richard Meier used curvilinear design elements. The Museum Entrance Hall and the canopy over the Harold M. Williams Auditorium are circular. Materials Used: 1.2 million square feet, 16,000 tons, of beige-colored travertine stone from Italy. The stone was split along its natural grain, revealing the texture of fossilized leaves, feathers, and branches. From the beginning, I had thought of stone as a way of grounding the buildings and giving them a sense of permanence, writes Meier.40,000 off-white, enamel-clad aluminum panels. The color was chosen to complement the colors and texture of the stone, but, more importantly, was chosen from among fifty minutely varied shades as the architect negotiated his color scheme with local homeowners associations.Expansive sheets of glass. Inspirations: In choosing how to organize the buildings, landscaping, and open spaces, writes Meier, I deferred to the sites topography. The low, horizontal profile of the Getty Center may have been inspired by the work of other architects who designed buildings in Southern California: Rudolf SchindlerRichard NeutraFrank Lloyd Wright Getty Center Transport: Parking is underground. Two 3-car, computer-operated trams ride on a cushion of air to the hilltop Getty Center, which is 881 feet above sea level. Why Is the Getty Center Important? The New York Times called it a marriage of the austere and the sumptuous, noting Meiers signature crisp lines and a stark geometry. The Los Angeles Times called it a unique package of art, architecture, real estate, and scholarly enterprise — housed in the costliest art institution ever built on American soil. Architecture critic Nicolai Ouroussoff wrote that it is Meiers culmination of a lifelong effort to hone his version of Modernism to perfection. It is his greatest civic work and an important moment in the citys history. Still, writes critic Paul Goldberger, one feels frustrated because the overall effect of the Getty is so corporate and its tone so even. But doesnt that exactly express J. Paul Getty himself? The esteemed architecture critic Ada Louise Huxtable might say thats exactly the point. In her essay in Making Architecture, Huxtable points out how architecture reflects both the client and the architect: It tells us everything we need to know, and more, about those who conceive and build the structures that define our cities and our time....Zoning restrictions, seismic codes, soil conditions, neighborhood concerns, and many invisible factors required constant conceptual and design revisions....What may look like formalism because of the ordered solutions was an organic process, elegantly resolved....Should there be anything to debate about this architecture if its messages of beauty, utility, and suitability are so clear?...Dedicated to excellence, the Getty Center conveys a clear image of excellence.—Ada Louise Huxtable More About the Getty Villa In Malibu, the 64-acre Getty Villa site was for many years the location of the J. Paul Getty Museum. The original villa was based on the Villa dei Papiri, a first-century Roman country house. The Getty Villa closed for renovations in 1996, but is now reopened and serves as an educational center and museum dedicated to the study of the arts and cultures of ancient Greece, Rome, and Etruria. Sources: Making Architecture: The Getty Center, Essays by Richard Meier, Stephen D. Rountree, and Ada Louise Huxtable, J. Paul Getty Trust, 1997, pp. 10-11, 19-21, 33, 35; The Founder and His Vision, The J. Paul Getty Trust; Online Archive of California; The Getty Center, Projects Page, Richard Meier Partners Architects LLP at www.richardmeier.com/?projectsthe-getty-center; Getty Center Inaugurated in Los Angeles by James Sterngold, The New York Times, December 14, 1997; Getty Center Is More Than Sum of Its Parts by Suzanne Muchnic, The Los Angeles Times, November 30, 1997; It Doesnt Get Much Better Than This by Nicolai Ouroussoff, The Los Angeles Times, December 21, 1997; The People’s Getty by Paul Goldberger, The New Yorker, February 23, 1998 [accessed October 13, 2015]

Can Lord of the Flies (William Golding) be Classified as a...

A fable, by strict definition, is a short tale conveying a clear moral lesson in which the characters are animals acting like human beings. A fable is intended to provide moral instruction and its characters and scenes are drawn to suit this purpose. William Golding has referred to his novel, Lord of the Flies, as a fable. This essay will demonstrate that in the moral lessons it offers us and in the symbolic nature of its setting, characters and literary devices, the novel functions as a fable for the inherent tendency in man to revert to primal savagery once he is removed from civilization. We are left with the caution that evil must be acknowledged and consciously opposed. The novels status as a fable is demonstrated strongly through†¦show more content†¦Overall, like a fable, Lord of the Flies enforces a very strong message. Humans as a race have a tendency to revert to their primal, savage instincts and in doing so reveal their true sadistic and evil nature that lies within. This moral message is expressed in several ways by the author, however especially through the boys gradual loss of order, their blood lust and their worship of the devil. The novels symbolic nature further enhances the books status as a fable. The disintegration of civilization is charted through the use of symbols, one of the major tools of the fabulist. Almost every detail in the novel has a meaning of its own and a representational meaning in terms of the theme and the development of evil on the island. The setting of the novel is particularly symbolic. The island functions as a microcosm of the wider world and parallels our society in competitiveness, destructiveness and violence. The island is a perfect place in which Golding can test his theories, as being isolated it lacks society and societal laws and rules, allowing the boys to run wild and show their true inner selves. However, the presence of the wider world is never forgotten, as there are constant mentions to the war occurring outside the island. References such as the boys evacuation, the crashing of the plane and the pod, the dogfight over the island at night and the arrival of the nava l officer on the beach and his warship, show theShow MoreRelatedANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 Pagesidea of the world. The reader’s interpretation is also highly individual and depends to a great extent on his knowledge and personal experience. That’s why one cannot lay down a fixed â€Å"model† for a piece of critical appreciation. Nevertheless, one can give information and suggestions that may prove helpful. PLOT The Elements of Plot When we refer to the plot of a work of fiction, then, we are referring to the deliberately arranged sequence of interrelated events that constitute the basic narrative

A Heavy Metal Retrospective The Top 15 Metallica Songs of All Time by Metallica free essay sample

Metallica was formed in 1981 by the collective genius of James Hetfield (rhythm guitar, lead vocals) and Lars Ulrich (drummer), and the duo has never looked back ever since. Although suffering line-up changes due to the untimely death of Cliff Burton (bass guitar) and the departure of Dave Mustaine and Jason Newsted (lead guitar and bass guitar respectively) the band has prospered through these past three decades to bring the world some of the greatest music, spanning genres from thrash metal to hard rock. With the release of their ninth studio album, Death Magnetic in September of 2008, the band has proven their ability to stay relevant in the face of a rapidly changing musical audience while still bringing hardcore fans the heavy metal nostalgia that they crave. So without further ado, I countdown the fifteen greatest Metallica songs of all time†¦ 15) â€Å"Sweet Amber† – This is probably the most controversial song to appear on my list. Coming off of the St. Anger album, most fans probably won’t even recognize this song by name due to the fact that the St. Anger album in its entirety was chastised for its departure from the sound of previous albums. However, after having given the album time to grow on me, I can honestly say that this track in particular deserves its spot at number fifteen. That having been said, St. Anger is definitely one of Metallica’s weaker installments, bearing only a handful of even semi-notable tracks. 14) â€Å"Fuel† – Used as the intro song for NASCAR televised broadcasts from 2001 till 2003, this track earn its place at number fourteen due to the adrenaline rush it instills in the listener. 13) â€Å"Leper Messiah† – Not quite as swift and frantic as other early Metallica tracks, â€Å"Leper Messiah† still retains the same original Metallica feel through impressive vocals and a powerful rhythm guitar section. Even listening to it now, I still get chills during some of the chorus lines: â€Å"time for lust, time for lie†¦time to kiss your life goodbye.† Something about the grit in Hetfield’s voice is just particularly well displayed in this song. â€Å"Bow to Leper Messiah.† 12) â€Å"The Four Horsemen† – The original songwriting credits of this track are still disputed. Dane Mustaine (former lead guitarist of Metallica) has made the assertion that he in fact wrote the song, going so far as to rerecord it with his band, Megadeth, giving the song new lyrics and entitling it â€Å"Mechanix†. Despite this bit of controversy, â€Å"The Four Horsemen† is still a superb song in all respects, and easily earns a spot at number twelve. 11) â€Å"No Leaf Clover (SM)† – In 1999, Metallica collaborated with the San Francisco Symphony Orchestra to perform renditions of their hit songs that had been fused with an orchestral backing. Along with their original songs, the two groups also created two original songs to be played exclusively at their SM gigs. One of these tracks, â€Å"No Leaf Clover†, is a testament to the beautiful union of heavy metal and classical orchestra. 10) â€Å"That Was Just Your Life† – With the release of Death Magnetic in 2008, Metallica showed that they still had the ability to put out fantastic music. â€Å"That Was Just Your Life† is easily the sickest track off of that album with one of the catchiest choruses of any Metallica song to date, putting it at number ten. 9) â€Å"No Remorse† – Number nine on this list is a throwback to the Kill ‘Em All album, Metallica’s first official studio release (which also featured â€Å"The Four Horsemen†). Raw and incredibly edgy, this album set the tone for all consecutive releases by establishing Metallica as a heavy hitter in the Bay Area metal scene. 8) â€Å"Damage Inc.† – As the embodiment of thrash metal, this track signifies all that was right with the 80’s metal scene. Nobody knew exactly what the fabled Damage Incorporated did, but it didn’t matter: it was quick, it was brutal, and it was perfect for headbanging. What more could you ask for? 7) â€Å"Frayed Ends of Sanity† – Although the entire †¦And Justice For All album is infamous for the lack of a prominent bass guitar sound (supposedly due to Metallica hazing their new bass player at the time, Jason Newsted), â€Å"Frayed Ends of Sanity† can still be called a magnificent track. The song touches on the subject of being driven into irrational insanity, and the mental struggle of coping with one’s own delusions. 6) â€Å"Battery† – This song is one of the most frequently covered Metallica tracks, and for good reason. â€Å"Battery† needs little explanation of why it’s great; suffice to say that if you haven’t heard it yet, you’re really missing out. It features not only one of the most amazing Metallica solos in their repertoire, but a mind blowing acoustic intro as well. Interestingly enough, German a capella group, Van Canto has done a rather amusing rendition of â€Å"Battery† (available for viewing on YouTube). Definitely worth checking out if you’re already familiar with the song. 5) â€Å"Ride The Lightning† – The title track off of Metallica’s second studio album, â€Å"Ride The Lightning† is the final Metallica song to feature Dave Mustaine in the songwriting credits. Despite his many problems with drug addiction and alcoholism during his time in Metallica, it’s quite clear that Mustaine had no issue writing grade-A quality metal. â€Å"Ride The Lightning† is a masterpiece from start to finish, putting it at number five. 4) â€Å"One† – Achieving quite a bit of notoriety through the video game medium of Guitar Hero 3, â€Å"One† has been placed with the unfortunate stigma of being â€Å"that Metallica song†. The song that if you say you really enjoy, you are immediately questioned to determine if you really like Metallica, or if you only like them because they have a cool song featured on a well known video game. While this can be somewhat annoying at times, â€Å"One† is a phenomenal part of the †¦And Justice For All album, and is well deserving of being the fourth greatest Metallica song of all time. 3) â€Å"The Call of Ktulu† – Who would have thought that Metallica was capable of writing a stunning instrumental? While the presence of James Hetfield’s vocals are sorely missed, the instrumental work on â€Å"The Call of Ktulu† is absolutely stupendous, and that’s what earns it the right to be in the number three spot. 2) â€Å"Master of Puppets† – It is extremely difficult for me to put this song at number two. Perhaps it’s my awareness of the cliche of this song ending up as number one on a lot of â€Å"best of Metallica† lists, but something is restraining me from giving it the number one spot. But don’t let that detract at all from this song; this track is, unquestionably, the anthem of any heavy metal enthusiast. I listen to this song when I wake up in the morning, I listen to it during car rides, I even try to listen to it during boring class lectures if my teacher is particularly unobservant. This song is engrained into the blood of the metal community, and although it isn’t quite number one, it’s a darn close second. 1) â€Å"Enter Sandman† †¦I only jest. While Enter Sandman (off of The Black Album) is often herald as representing the band’s most significant mainstream success, it is far from being their number one track. The true greatest Metallica song of all time is†¦ 1) â€Å"Fade To Black† – This song came as a shock to many early Metallica fans, as it sounded nothing like anything they had ever written beforehand. It did away with the fast-passed riffs and harsh vocals, substituting them with something a lot softer by Metallica standards. This resulted in a song that alienated quite a bit of their hardcore fanbase. It’s my firm belief that those hardcore fans are blind to the heart behind this song, especially considering it’s significance following the passing of former bassist, Cliff Burton. Admittedly it’s not the ruthless escapade to be expected from the same people who gave us tracks like â€Å"Hit The Lights† and â€Å" Fight Fire With Fire†, but that’s fine in my eyes. It doesn’t try to replicate the sound of its predecessors, it stands on it’s own as the greatest Metallica song of all time, and possibly even the greatest song to come out of the entire metal genre.

Lee dong wook free essay sample

Its just that I love the boys so much to the point where it actually hurts to listen to their songs and see their gifts or vines and videos and everything and I feel so bucked up because I let myself to be consumed with a boy band that doesnt even acknowledge my existence and theres this part of me who believes that one day will be able to meet them and its Just so bucked up, everything is. I feel so bucking overprotective of them that when I see people talking chits about them I would flip. Id defend them and I hate seeing the boys with other girls I mean Im k with Lam and Louis girls though but I really hate Zany and Peppier I dont even know why and I despise It when Harry goes out with Taylor Swift and Kendall Jennet and basically everyone because well if you didnt know Im In love with him and nobody good enough for him. We will write a custom essay sample on Lee dong wook or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Im Just so bucked up, you know, Im 19 and I feel Like I should be more mature rather than getting sucked Into the whole Direction fantod but Vive been with the boys since What Makes You Beautiful and I watched all of their video Aries and I know all of their fetus Inside Jokes and I waited for all of their new music videos and its hard k because the boys have grown up and Im in tears right now.It hurts so bad. I want to let go but I cant. I know it sounds so stupid of me to be crying because of a boy band but you dont know how I feel k you dont know the attachment I feel for them and good god I listen to all of their songs I have all of their songs and its crazy its crazy its crazy! And now Im crying. Because I love the boys so much.

Stunned, Astounded and Astonished

Stunned, Astounded and Astonished Stunned, Astounded and Astonished Stunned, Astounded and Astonished By Maeve Maddox stun: c.1300, to daze or render unconscious (from a blow, powerful emotion, etc.), probably aphetic of O.Fr. estoner to stun astound: 1600, from M.E. astouned, astoned (c.1300), pp. of astonien to stun astonish: 1340, astonien, from O.Fr. estoner to stun, from V.L. *extonare, from L. ex- out + tonare to thunder; so, lit. to leave someone thunderstruck. Although all three words derive from the same source, each has a different connotation in English. Stun seems to carry the strongest emotional punch, perhaps because it has only one syllable, but also because it has a literal meaning. The other two words are always used figuratively. (I’ve never seen the word â€Å"astonish† used to describe the effect of a literal lightning strike.) Astound and astonish suggest amazement, but the surprise engendered is not necessarily accompanied by the emotional pain suggested by the word stun. He was astounded by the bureaucrats stupidity. They were astonished by the magicians illusions. He was stunned by the unexpected death of his wife. The following headlines and captions from the web got me thinking about these words: Tendulkar stunned at his wax likeness Israel stunned at US firmness on freezing settlements Richard Dreyfuss Stunned at Natashas Accident Twilights Lefevre stunned at loss of role Crowds Stunned at Jacksons Death What first caught my attention was the use of the preposition â€Å"at† after stun instead of the usual â€Å"by.† The use of â€Å"at† instead of â€Å"by† has the effect of distancing the emotion. The metaphor is one of being hit over the head. One isn’t â€Å"stunned at a hammer,† but â€Å"stunned by a hammer.† One is stunned by bad news, not â€Å"at† it. My second observation was that in at least two of the headlines, either astounded or astonished would have been the more appropriate choice. As a general rule, I’d save the word stun for a truly tragic context and use astound and astonish to convey extreme surprise. As for the use of stunning in inappropriate contexts, here’s what David Auburn has to say in the Oxford American Writer’s Thesaurus (p. 861): stunning is probably the most overused synonym for â€Å"very good,† especially in movie ads and book blurbs . . . Use of the word in this context has become not only an empty clichà ©, but also annoyingly counterintuitive: wouldn’t you be more likely to feel stunned by something bad than by something good? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business LetterExpanded and ExtendedThrew and Through

Can low fee schools successfully mimic the language policies of their elite counterparts

Can low fee schools successfully mimic the language policies of their elite counterparts 1.Abstract: In the Pakistani society, the English language has earned a prestigious place more in the minds of the people than it is in effect. The ability to speak English is what a layman would use to differentiate between educated and uneducated citizens. As much as learning English is a matter of earning respect at your workplace or the society in general, over time it has become the most important language in Pakistan taking over as the official language and the means for all or most business correspondences. Acting accordingly, the government made English language learning compulsory in all schools. This escalated to the point when English became the medium of examination at intermediate levels and above for most subjects. What this implied was that basic knowledge of the English language or more accurately, the ability to read, write and comprehend English is a basic necessity for students. This, however, did not go well with schooling structure at primary and secondary levels as governm ent schools could not afford or provide quality English teachers. It is arguable that this was one of the major reasons why the private schooling systems received a massive bloom in the society. With their relatively much higher fees, they could fill up that vacuum and provide what could be considered a quality education – an English based education. The Pakistani society now faced a new dilemma. Private schools were too expensive but government schools were not good enough. For the underprivileged, who still wanted what in their minds was a necessary quality education, the next venue that opened up was of the low-fee private schools. Mimicking the structure and curricular setup of â€Å"high-fee† private schools on a low profile, these schools promised to bring the same quality and standard of education and English learning at a much lower price, instantly attracting a large economic class of customers. The delusion that both these institutions and their customers ind ulge themselves in is that anything cheap can match up in quality. Low fees mean low salaries for teachers which consequently mean sub-standard teaching. The best way to describe these schools would be a blend where the problem with government schools is not entirely solved, but they managed to cover it up to an extent where there customers could be satisfied. What was completely overlooked by local schooling systems was the social lives of children and exactly how much their interaction with English was going to be. The popular culture introduced by the high-fee schools and later copied into the low fee schools was to begin the child’s schooling with the English language i.e. the first thing he has to learn at school is English. Considering how English is always going to be a second language, this approach is highly questionable. An alternate approach that is rarely practiced in Pakistan would have been to begin education in the children’s mother tongue and after a ce rtain level of proficiency in that language – or more precisely, after they have passed their critical periods, they could have been introduced to English. This of course comes with public displeasure as the views on English described above are hard fastened. Parents and teachers alike seem unwilling to try out the new strategy as in their minds the basic or foremost purpose of education is to learn English and what better way than to get right into it from the beginning. In this research, we aimed to see exactly how fruitful the current approach to learning English has been in two distinct socio-economic classes. For this purpose, a test that would examine the child’s basic understanding of and expression in the English language was devised. Students of grades 3 to 5 were given a series of pictures, and they were asked to describe and explain them in English Key-Words: Elite Schools, Low-Fee schools, Proficiency in English, Mother-tongue, Urdu, Middle-Class Families, Upper-Class Environment, Alien Language, Language Policy, Schools in Pakistan, English. 2.Theoretical Framework This research focuses on the effectiveness of School Policy in the development of proficiency in English; and the impact the budget of said schools has on the implementation of the said policies. It also considers feasibility of low-tier schools mimicking the policies of their elite counterparts, and whether these policies sit in with the socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds of students. 3.Case Study 1: High-fee private schools: 3.1 Introduction We’re not defining what we classify exactly as a â€Å"high fees†, but schools examined generally charged a total of between 18000 and 30000 for a quarter with four quarters of schooling. Target customers for these schools include a wide range of households from wealthy businessmen to the settled working class – and economically speaking, middle-class and all above. This range includes what one would call the â€Å"elite† schools and those that generally aspire to be so. Considering again the families that avail these institutions, in the urban areas of Punjab where this research was targeted, one could say that the children are orphaned in the heritage of their mother tongue. The parents normally themselves educated will not use said language in their household instead opting for the more â€Å"civilized† Urdu. At the same time, parents make as best of an effort as they can to indulge the child in the use of English since an ear ly age. Among the first words the child learns in these households would be common nouns, verbs and counting in English. Conveniently enough for these children, the two languages taught in all schools at primary level and the basic medium of instruction are English and Urdu. Another factor in the child’s development in the use of English outside of school would be the television. For said households and economic classes, the provision of a television set is a basic necessity. Not only does it become the main source of entertainment, it also becomes the growing child’s friend and teacher. With much of this source of entertainment i.e. cartoons being in English, it is deducible that the average child from these households is well equipped in the use and understanding of English; much to the delight of the educational institutions under consideration. What this means is that English being a medium of instruction since day one does not become a big issue as a second langua ge for these children and with the right curriculum, schools can capitalize on these grounds to fulfil their promise of â€Å"a quality education† – an English-medium education. Still, it must not be forgotten that the above scenario has used a lot of generalizations and has painted the picture with a thick brush. Even among these institutions, there would be students who would not grasp a second language so early in their life, and eventually suffer. Not only do they fail to use or understand the English, they inadvertently suffer in all their subjects as the examinations as with the medium of instruction are in English. Of course, under the pressure of their parents and the school, what this means is that they will eventually resort to wrote learning until a much later stage of their life when they can finally get a grasp of the language they had been subjugated to their whole lives. The policy of adopting English language teaching from nursery or kindergarten would have then failed. So while the institution lives up to its promise of providing quality English based learning to some or most of its students, it would have failed to do so equally and create a distinct education barrier among its generation which would define these children for the rest of their lives. In this part of the research, three high-fee private schools in the cities of Lahore and Sargodha were examined. The test described on the abstract above was conducted and some teachers and principals were interviewed to obtain their opinions in the matter. 3.2 English teaching policies and methodology English language teaching begins the day the child enters the school. While the curriculum may be restricted to alphabets and numbers or the written script, a lot of focus goes into the spoken prospect. Teachers encourage students to speak in English, while they themselves use it as much as possible to enhance the students’ understanding. Storytelling and reading picture books has become part of the curriculum. The child learns to say common words and general sentences in his first year or so. Slowly, he would have to conduct all communication on campus in English and mostly this is part of school’s education policy—discourage the use of any language other than English in the school. At the primary level, the curriculum includes stories for reading practices and creative writings are introduced as early as grade one to get the child to be able to express himself. This of course will now go hand in hand with lessons on grammar, sentence structure and such all the way till the end of the students’ secondary level schooling. By the time the students reach the first grade, it is imperative though that they can at least read, write and understand English to some extent, as every other subject in his course will now be in English. So by making it a necessity to virtually attend school beyond this point, these schools make English language learning the most important part of their curriculum, especially before this point in time. Realizing this, both teachers and parents put the most of their efforts in this subject in the child’s grooming years – the critical period. 3.3 Teachers and School Principals We asked two principals and one English teacher from these high-fee schools about how they teach their students an alien language and what they think about the alternate approach – not teaching a second language until a child has crossed their critical period. Some excerpts are included below: â€Å"It’s a commendable theory, but looking at our students, I don’t feel like we need to change anything. Most of our students in 8th grade and onwards in fact feel more comfortable with English than with Urdu when it comes to writing. I think this is a sign that things are going the right way and our approach in their primary schooling has paid off. Yes, maybe it undermines their abilities in their mother tongue, but objectively speaking, these children will need English a lot more later on in their lives and as a teacher, I’d want my students to be out there with the best. Make a name for themselves and achieve great things and in the global world that we are today, English is the most basic tool for success no matter what field these students go to.† –Principal 1 â€Å"We try to make learning as fun we can. I mean, these children are no older than my kids so I know what this age means for children. And I tell you, I feel happy when I see these kids actually excited to come to school. That’s how it should be. And they enjoy their time with English as well. I tell them they have to speak in English even when it is not English class because they have to try to actually be comfortable with it. It’ll take time, and every class they make a ruckus telling me â€Å"Ma’am, Bashir spoke in Urdu yesterday. Ma’am Saira doesn’t speak in English. Ma’am he just said a word in Urdu.† It’s amusing. I help them of course, telling them how to communicate and such. They tell me what they want to say or write and I help them translate that to English. Thes e children are quick learners by the way. I think they’ll get a good hang of it by the end of the year. I hope (chuckles).† –Teacher â€Å"It would be too late by then. I mean, first off there’s no definite time when you can say that, â€Å"Okay, now they’re proficient enough in Urdu, let’s start teaching them English.† Even if we do, that would be about sixth or fifth grade right? It’s too late and it would be too chaotic. All this time they’re studying subjects in Urdu, giving exams in Urdu, then we introduce a new language, teach it to them first, then convert all their knowledge in English, make them take all examinations in English, because at the end, whenever they sit in centralized examinations, they need to be able to do that. Maybe if you change the whole educational structure, it’s possible, but that’s too much work and too much risk really. I wouldn’t take that.† –Principal 2 3.4 Observation of Results—Questionnaire: In general, students showed a good understanding of the pictures given to them, and even managed to produce creative responses to them. Errors in spelling, sentence structure and grammar were common, but most students were able to convey their thoughts properly. As mentioned in the introduction, there were clear distinctions among these students of those were lagging far behind the rest of their peers, especially towards the lower end of the socio-economic spectrum within this category. 4.Case Study 2: Low-fee private schools 4.1 Introduction Similar to earlier case study, the range of fee for these schools was taken to be less than Rs. 18,000 per quarter year of education. Most of Pakistan’s student body falls into these schools, as government institutes also lie within this fee range. The family backgrounds of the students here are very similar—where there is little to no use of English outside the school. The daily life of students heavily feature the use of mother tongue, even that in the regional dialect. Similarly, the fee structure of these schools restricts the talent they can hire for their students; ultimately reducing the efficiency of the environment built inside the campus. The requirements that the families demand from these schools are very different than those of elite schools. Here education is seen as means to a job and eventually setting up a new earning source for the house. Considering the relatively milder diversity in the students of schools falling into this tier, the ir non-productive and productive hobbies also tend to be alike. This means that almost the entirety of media consumed is in non-English format including, but not limited to movies, dramas, and music. Ultimately, it means that both inside and outside school environment lack the need and actual use of English Language. It then, unfortunately, becomes a status symbol and is rejected sometimes on the basis of, â€Å"It’s not for us, leave it for the people with money†. 4.2 English Teaching Policies and Interviews Copying the structure and curricula from their elite counterparts, these schools introduce English language as a subject as early as grade 1, but pre-school and nursery level classes as well teach the language. Likewise, the official medium of instruction and hence most basic courses are taught in English. But unlike the students in our previous case study, these are not well equipped with English beforehand and even as part of schooling will find little interaction with the new language. Coupled with the quality of teachers available, the schooling is eventually done entirely in the child’s mother tongue, and these students have a much harder time getting a grip on the English language. 4.3 Teachers and School Principals We asked two principals from these low-fee schools about their English policies and what they think about the alternate approach – not teaching a second language until a child has crossed their critical period. They are included below: â€Å"Our schools are trying to compete with all these other elites out there (names a few schools for effect). I think you’re underestimating the abilities of these common children. They are as capable of learning English as the more privileged class. And I think to learn anything you have to give maximum exposure to the children in this age – this is their learning age. I know it’s hard but that’s why we’re here; to give them the same opportunities as those who God gave more status in this world. We are the ones who are trying to bring this society back to level grounds. You need English to study at prestigious institutions, to learn the computer, use the internet, even rea d instruction papers on products you use. Not knowing English from an early stage in your life renders you handicapped.† It will be appropriate to mention that the below interview was translated from Urdu and that the interviewee has qualifications in and has been a former teacher in Urdu and Islamiyat for intermediate level students before becoming principal. â€Å"All the schools need to do this actually (not teach English in the child’s critical period). Our children are forgetting the value and prestige of their local languages. It’s tear-jerking to see our youth so profound in a foreign language and yet they can’t hold even a proper conversation in Urdu? And I’ve been telling the committee that they need to do something about this as well. It’s just rotten how we’re forcing things they don’t understand down their throat. This isn’t learning. I tell my staff to communicate with them in Urdu or Punjabi when explaining so at least they’ll keep track of what they’re learning. Then maybe someday when they can properly understand English it can all fall into place. But even if this wasn’t the case even if they do perfectly understand English maybe some now or some generations later, the problem is that we need to teach them to be proud of their culture and heritage, and we can’t do that unless we make it hold some importance in their lives. If our government and society make our local languages completely irrelevant outside of homes, these education boards and committees will continue to give English more importance† 4.4 Observation of Results: When the questionnaires were given to the elite school students, the response was quite up to the mark. These children had a very good understanding of the language and its correct usage. They were able to answer the questionnaires themselves with little or no help from the faculty members or our team. On the other hand, most students belonging to low-tier schools, showed a huge amount dependency on teachers or us to even attempt the given tests. With this it was evident that despite passing through the primary phase of their education, they had not developed enough proficiency or confidence in English to be independent in its use. Moreover, the results that we did finally obtain painted a worse picture. Mistakes in spelling, vocabulary and general use of words, phrases and sentences were overwhelming to the point where it made most answers impossible to comprehend. Another distinctive feature was the attention paid to handwriting. Unlike their counter-par ts in this research, students from low-fee schools were a lot more conscious about their handwriting and even rewrote answers by tracing over a rough erasable draft. Students of high-fee schools had relatively free reigns in this regard and consequently, generally poorer handwriting. 5.Conclusion: Should low tier schools provide their English education as the elite schools? The question is still a hot debate in terms of education standards all over the country. Where the elite, high tier schools clam to provide a very good standard English education, they charge a fee that is not affordable to every family in the country. Most of the families are middle class and consequently are unable to pay the high fees of these schools due to which they turn to low tier schools which promise the same standard education as the elite schools, but in affordable fees. But how is such an educational equality even possible? When the budget of such schools is not as high as the elite schools so are their services. Less fees means less pay for teachers and so a lower English standard. The teachers are less qualified, less interested in teaching the students and so are the results. The students therefore are not as good as those of the high-level schools. When we checked the results, we came to a clear conclusion that even for the same grade and age groups, the response of children in elite schools was far better than those in these low fees affordable schools. While the students in elite schools were proficient in both oral and written usage of the English much better than what is expected from a second language, their counterparts studying in less privileged school systems had responses full of errors and mistakes. Apart from the standard the schools are providing, the children in low level schools usually come from a social class that is less concerned with the standard of education and more with the job acquiring ambitions. This ultimately leads to the low standard of education of such students. All in all, we have reached a conclusion that schools that try to mimic the education standards of high level schools are not in the least bit providing the education standard that they promise. Their students are receiving a low standard education and are less inclined to perfec t their English as their counterparts that are studying in more privileged environments.

Mid-term question Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Mid-term question - Assignment Example The two main factors that many authors have identified to affect the United States national security have been the non-state actors and the transnational organizational crimes. Non-state actors refer to organizations that have power and influence on both national and international level. The non-state actors do not associate themselves with any particular state. According to Hough, in his book â€Å"Understanding the global security† he discusses the non-state actors and the trouble and turmoil they have caused to many states around the globe for many years.1 Hough identifies non-state actors as the major issue that has threatened the global security.2 The national security of the United States has been affected by the emerging non-state actors around the globe. Most of these non-state actors are military-oriented thus being referred to as non-state military groups. The most common non-state military groups include nationalists, religious groups with strong beliefs, Marxist, fascist and armed pressure groups. The United States has fallen victims of some of these groups such as nationalists, religious groups such as Christianity and Islam and armed p ressure groups. According to Hough, these non-state actors have impacted the national security of the United States negatively by killing the American people, destroying the Americans property.3 This has led to the destabilization of the United States government since it exposes the security loop holes and the incompetence of the leaders. The United States gained its independent through the battles fought by the nationalists, and they gained the independence. The spirit of nationalism has never died in the United States, and this poses a threat to the national security. The religious groups such as Islam and Christianity related have affected the security of the United States and caused a

How Stress Affects The Immune System and Overall Health Research Paper

How Stress Affects The Immune System and Overall Health - Research Paper Example This weakness of body defenses against stress may end up creating negative outcomes on the physical, mental, internal and psychological health of people (Oxington 2005, p. 174). Stress also plays a vital role in changing and affecting immune system of human beings. This paper further analyzes how stress affects human beings’ overall health and immune system. A number of studies suggest that immune system is highly susceptible to stress and related issues. The effects on immune system are intense enough to reduce the effective of the system and consequently making human body more prone to illnesses. Stress hormones which are released in the bloodstream restrain the immune system to work efficiently and normally which in turn results in higher risks of illness. Psychoneuroimmunology is the study area of health psychology which mainly deals with the issues related to psychology and their effects on the immune system. Stress related issues and their influence on immune system form s a major area of research and discussion in this field. Research indicates that external stressors can be involved in the immune system in a number of different manners (Passer & Smith 2006, p 493). One way is the eviction of a variety of chemicals by extended fibers from the brain into lymph tissues. These chemicals bind to receptors of white blood cell and consequently affect the working efficiency of immune system. Moreover, stress hormones like cortisol and epinephrine, also bind to the cells affecting the overall immune system functioning. An effort to cope up with the stressors at times results in inappropriate behavioral patterns like substance abuse and insufficient sleep time which damages immunity (taylor 2006). In a healthy heart it is seen that a series of event occurs to pump blood out of the heart to the different parts of body. Cardiac Cycle consists of Atrial Systole, Atrial Diastole, Ventricular Systole and Ventricular Diastole. Systole in general is used for the c ontraction of heart muscles and diastole is used for the relaxation of the heart muscles. Atrial Diastole occurs when the atrial muscles relax and Ventricular Diastole happens when the ventricular muscles relax (Hall et al., 2011). Similarly Ventricular Systole occurs when the ventricular muscles contract and atrial systole occurs when the atrial muscles contract. Systole of 120mm Hg is considered to be excellent along with a Diastolic pressure of 80. Systolic pressure of 130 with Diastolic pressure of 85 is fair. Above this pressure it can be said that the pressures are poor. However the worst condition can be when the Systolic Pressure reaches 180 mm Hg and the Diastolic pressure reaches 110 respectively. Stress and sudden emergencies result in â€Å"secretion of excess adrenaline and noradrenaline, which causes sudden and considerable elevation in systolic blood pressure† (Khan 2005, p. 178) Blood pressure and stress are related directly or indirectly. Researchers have fou nd that stress either directly or indirectly plays a role in increasing the blood pressure. Stress causes an individual to go through an unhealthy routine and this may cause several hormones to be released. These hormones then cause constriction of vessels which would raise the blood pressure in an individual. Hence it can be said that blood pressure and stress are somehow related. It is commonly believed that high blood

Terrorism Essay -- essays research papers

Terrorism: Cause and Responses Answer 1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Our world has been a victim of terrorism and terrorist acts since the civilized human life began on this planet. There have been radicals and extremists who have been unhappy about something or the other all along during the development of our world. It can be seen that the ways how these people terrorized the world has changed along with time. Terrorists have always used the path of violence to get their voice heard to the world. With the technological innovations these groups also adapted their means of violence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of the examples of the traditional terrorist group (which I must clear that any Indian would not believe it to be a terrorist group but at the time was labeled as a terrorist group) was Hindustan (Indian) Republican Association in India. The whole world knows that India got its independence by following the path directed by Mahatma Gandhi of non-violence, but not many people know that even during the time of Gandhi India did see some brave soldiers like Chandrashekhar Azad, Bhagat Singh, Sukhdev, and many more young generation people who formed groups to fight against the British government. These people were called terrorists by the British government during that time. One of the most famous groups of that time was Hindustan (Indian) Republican Association (HRA) and Bhagat Singh was one of the most active members of group. Before Bhagat Singh joined HRA the activities and the purpose of this group was unknown to the general public of India and that was one of the main reasons that even the population of India thought that this group was a terrorist organization, but everything changed after Bhagat Singh joined HRA. Bhagat Singh was a well educated man who believed in communism. He studied the writings of the anarchist leader Bakunin, some thing of the father of communism Marx, but more of Lenin, Trotsky and others who had succeeded in bringing about a revolution in their country. For Bhagat Singh the decisive break came in the post-1926 period when the Hindustan Republican Association leadership fell on his shoulders. He lost no time in articulating the necessity of having a political ideology and that was to be Marxism. In 1928, Bhagat Singh also had the responsibility of the Hindustan Republican Association with Chandra Shekhar A... ...ocracy. On the other end the radical Islamic groups are not at all confined to their own country; they are more interested in spreading the word of Islam in the whole world. –The Islamic groups would indulge in terrorist act towards their own country only when it is necessary. –The other big difference is the highly sophisticated training camps that the radical Islamic groups use is not that easily available to the right wing groups. –The funding in case of the right wing groups is limited and does not have any support from their own government or the people. –One of the most important goals of the radical Islamic terrorist groups is the formation of a coalition of all loosely-affiliated Islamic groups and countries and spread the word of Islam in the world. On the other hand there is not much of a connection between different right wing American terrorist groups amongst themselves. The reason behind the right wing American terrorist groups and the radical Islamic terrorist groups to be different might be that their final goals are different from each other. Some of their methods of beliefs might be similar but except that the final goals of both the groups do not match.

Moral Law Vs Natural Law In The Scarlet Letter Essay

Moral Law Vs. Natural Law â€Å"At the dramatic center of The Scarlet Letter is the idea of the awesomeness and inescapability of the Moral Law, to which all else is finally submitted,† (Levy 384). Assuming that Hawthorne wrote The Scarlet Letter exploring the relationship between Moral law and Natural law, he chooses the moral laws to be absolute. Using definitions of nature and character provided by Seymour Katz applied to the terms natural law and moral law allow an extension of Leo Levy’s claim that Moral laws are supreme. Moral law is an internalization of normalizing aspects of society it, â€Å"is acquired in time through nurture, education, and social experience. The older the individual the more fixed and stable is his character, and the less likely he is to act outside of the principles of his society or his role,† (Katz 5). The natural law is being in a condition where society cannot impose any rules or laws, â€Å"It is undirected impulse or potential energy which the individual will expend and express in various ways in the course of his life,† (4). By applying the definitions of natural law and moral law to the way Hawthorne reveals the truth in the novel and to the development of the character Pearl, Hawthorne proves that moral law is the dominant form of law in The Scarlet Letter. In the forest natural laws should be supreme. Here, the black man or devil makes his home, Mistress Hibbons goes to perform her witchcraft, and Hester and Dimmesdale commit their adultery (Hawthorne 144-145). Moral law forbids each of these three things. Only in the forest, a place where moral law does not apply, can any of these things happen. From a very early age people are taught by the moral laws that the forest contains evil. â€Å"But she fancied me asleep when she was talking of it. She said that a thousand and a thousand people had met him here, and had written in his book, and have his mark on them. And that ugly-tempered lady, Old Mistress Hibbons, was one. And, mother, the old dame said that this scarlet letter was the Black Man’s mark on thee, and that it glows like a red flame when thou meetest him at midnight, here in the dark wood.† (126) Pearl, at the age of seven, already understands the forest contains evil. This normalizing aspect of moral law teaches the society that the representation of natural  law, the forest, is evil. Thus, the moral laws quickly gain an advantage over the natural, before an individual is old enough to form their own opinion on the matter. Another way the moral law proves to be supreme is when examining another theme in the text, hypocrisy. The hypocrisy is so wide spread, even the Reverend Dimmesdale, introduced possessing an, â€Å"eloquence and religious fervor [having] already given the earnest of high eminence in his profession,† (48). This quality combined with a, â€Å"dewy purity of thought, which, as many people said, affected them like the speech of an angel,† (48) caused Dimmesdale to be perceived as a model of purity and godliness for his congregation despite committing a sin incomprehensible to them. Even after his confession his society does not believe the truth that Dimmesdale committed adultery. This shows how strong the character of Dimmesdale is imagined to be by his people. Because the truth is often obscured by hypocrisy, where the truth is found there will be a very strong reflection on the relationship between moral law, and natural law. In the forest, when Pearl asks Hester what the scarlet letter means and why she wears it, Hester lies to her child for the first time. â€Å"What does the letter mean, mother? -and why dost thou wear it?†Ã‚ ¦.And as for the scarlet letter, I wear it for the sake of its gold thread! In all the seven bygone years, Hester Prynne had never before been false to the symbol on her bosom,† (123). Hester lies to her child for the first time while they are in the forest because she is taught to be ashamed of her sin by the moral laws. These laws have a far-reaching power; their effect is felt even in the forest, the idealization of natural law. The truth about Chillingworth’s character reveals itself at the strongpoint of moral laws, the scaffold. This device serves as the deterrent for criminals where they are displayed for the public’s entertainment. â€Å"In fact, this scaffold constituted a portion of the penal machine†Ã‚ ¦but was held, in the old time, to be as effectual an agent in the promotion of good citizenship, as ever was the guillotine among the terrorists of France†, (41). The scaffold punishes people for crimes committed violating the moral  laws by exposing the perpetrator to public ignominy. The true nature of Chillingworth’s character is revealed while Dimmesdale, Hester, and Pearl are performing a midnight vigil on the scaffold. â€Å"To his features, as to all other objects the meteoric light imparted a new expression; or it might well be that the physician was not careful then, as at all other times, to hide the malevolence with which he looked upon his victim†, (107). This revelation occurs at the pinnacle of the puritan penal system, the enforcing agent of all moral laws. Even though the â€Å"meteoric light† might be interpreted as an act of nature, this is not the case. It comes from the heavens where the puritan society acquires the religious justification to carry out their laws. Thus the moral law is responsible for providing the truth to the reader in this instance. Another symbol coming from the forest are the Indians. They live in the forest and only periodically come under the jurisdiction of moral laws by entering a city or town. Because of this their actions and ideas can be interpreted to represent the position of natural law. In the instance when they interpret the meaning of the scarlet letter during the election day sermon their interpretation that, â€Å"the wearer of this brilliantly embroidered badge must needs be a personage of high dignity among her people†, (167) is the exact opposite of what the symbol was originally intended to mean. The symbol for nature in this case considers the scarlet letter a boon. In contrast, the scarlet letter was originally intended to be a punishment having the â€Å"effect of a spell, taking her out of ordinary relations with humanity, and inclosing her in a sphere by herself†. (40) This was the original function, which the moral law dictated the letter should serve. Although the letter comes to symbolize many different things throughout the text, the only one, which is relevant to examine, is the one it was intended for. Because the moral and natural laws dictate different meaning upon the scarlet letter, one positive and one negative, which one is actually the dominant meaning? The negative meaning is the dominant one; this is because the letter serves its original purpose separating Hester from her society. She lived in a house on the outskirts of the town, not in it and whenever she was in public her fellow citizens would form circles around her. The letter is a negative symbol throughout every part of the  novel barring the conclusion, and because of this the moral laws succeeded in imposing their meaning upon the letter. Another conflict between moral and natural comes in the upbringing of Pearl, Hester’s daughter. She is similar to a wild spirit and is ostracized from society similar to Hester. â€Å"Pearl was a born outcast of the infantile world. An imp of evil, emblem and product of sin, she had no right among christened infants†, (65). She was never part of her society, failing to adhere to moral laws. As a child, she had no conception of the moral laws and acted accordingly. â€Å"‘The little baggage hath witchcraft in her, I profess’, said [Mr. Wilson] to Mr. Dimmesdale. â€Å"ËÅ"She needs no old woman’s broomstick to fly withal.'† (80). In addition to the fact that the upright citizen Mr. Wilson compares Pearl to a witch, she did not understand her religion stating, â€Å"‘He did not send me!’ cried she, positively. â€Å"I have no Heavenly Father!'† (68). By not understanding religion she was not abiding by the moral laws. While still a child Pearl is unaffected by the moral laws but as she grows older she begins to adhere to them. By the end of the novel she is entirely assimilated into the moral culture. She had taken a husband and was living a typical life in Europe (177). By taking a husband she is adhering to the moral laws. While she began her life following the natural laws they eventually were overpowered by the pervasiveness of the moral. The moral laws are so powerful she could not resist their influence. Another assertion of the power of the moral laws in relation to Pearl occurs during the forest scene spanning chapters sixteen through nineteen. Here: Hester, Dimmesdale, and Pearl meet for the first time after the scaffold scene. During these chapters Hester takes off her scarlet letter to prove to Dimmesdale that they can be free of the present situation if they go somewhere else in the world (137). Once Pearl sees her mother without the letter she immediately does not recognize her and becomes scared. â€Å"‘I see what ails the child,’ whispered Hester to the clergyman, and turning pale in spite of a strong effort to conceal her trouble and annoyance. â€Å"ËÅ"Children will not abide any, the slightest, change in the accustomed aspect of things that are daily before their eyes. Pearl misses something  which she has always seen me wear!'† (142) Even in the forest where natural laws reign, Pearl will not approach her mother without Hester wearing the scarlet letter, the symbol the moral laws imposed upon her. The moral laws extend far beyond the edges of towns and cities expanding even into the forest. Hawthorne rejects natural laws by asserting the dominant position and influence of the moral laws. By noticing when and how Hawthorne offers the truth to the reader such as when Hester lied to Pearl in the forest setting or when Chillingworth’s character is revealed under the scrutiny of heavenly light, the moral laws are dominant. Even the chief symbol of the book, the scarlet letter, has a meaning imposed solely by the moral laws. Another character originally having a natural tendency, Pearl, loses that tendency by the end of the novel. In all of these instances the moral laws prove that they are stronger and more pervasive than the natural laws. Works Cited Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. USA: W.W. Norton & Company, Inc, 1988 Katz, Seymour. â€Å"†Ã‹Å"Character,’ â€Å"ËÅ"Nature,’ and Allegory in The Scarlet Letter† Rept. in Nineteenth Century Fiction. Ed. Blake Nevius. Vol. 23 #1. USA: University of California Press, June 1968. 3-17. Levy, Leo. â€Å"The Landscape Modes of The Scarlet Letter† Rept. in Nineteenth Century Fiction. Ed. Blake Nevius. Vol. 23 #4. USA: University of California Press, March 1969. 377-392.